Este resumen es generado por inteligencia artificial y revisado por la redacción.
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El nuevo arancel del 10 % aplicado a todos los países del mundo por parte del presidente, Donald Trump, este viernes, cuenta con excepciones notables para productos estratégicos y esenciales y entrará en vigor el 24 de febrero.
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Según la Casa Blanca, la sección 122 de la Ley de Comercio de 1974 permite abordar desequilibrios graves en la balanza de pagos mediante recargos sobre importaciones, sin requerir la aprobación del Congreso para cada caso específico.
Esto lo diferencia de aranceles anteriores que se basaban en otras secciones o en acuerdos internacionales, y que enfrentaron obstáculos legales por exceder la autoridad ejecutiva o por no estar directamente vinculados a problemas específicos de pagos internacionales.
Trump ha defendido la medida como parte de su estrategia para reequilibrar las relaciones comerciales y relocalizar la producción en EE.UU., asegurando que, pese a las excepciones, los aranceles continuarán incentivando empleos bien remunerados.
El presidente estadounidense, Donald Trump, durante su visita a la fábrica de acero US Steel – Irvin Works en West Mifflin, Pensilvania, el 30 de mayo de 2025. Fue en este lugar en el que el mandatario anunció el aumento de aranceles al acero y aluminio del 25% al 50%.
/ SAUL LOEB
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Los aranceles globales anteriores fueron anulados por el Supremo cuyo dictamen afecta a la tarifa global base del 10 % a las importaciones extranjeras y los llamados gravámenes “recíprocos” a los socios comerciales de la mayor economía del mundo, junto a aranceles adicionales del 25 % a México y a Canadá para presionar a estos países a frenar el flujo de drogas como el fentanilo a través de sus fronteras hacia EE.UU..
También se incluyen las decisiones del republicano de aumentar hasta un 50 % los aranceles a Brasil y la India como represalia por el enjuiciamiento a su aliado, el expresidente brasileño Jair Bolsonaro, y la compra de crudo ruso, respectivamente.
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